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what is Retinal detachment?
Retinal detachment is the separation of the retina from its normal position.
Retina is the light sensing layer of the eye and responsible for vision. That’s why it needs to be treated quickly before it permanently affects your vision.
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Dr. Aashraya Prithviraj Karpe
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Dr. Minal Kaur
Signs and symptoms of Retinal detachment
Retinal detachment is painless. But warning signs almost always appear before it occurs or has advanced, such as:
Seeing flashes of light in your field of vision (Photopsia)
Sudden and dramatic increase in number and location of floaters in your field of vision
Feeling of a curtain or veil being drawn in front of your eyes
Blurring of vision, vision appears wavy and watery
Inability to see on side or in a part of your vision
Sudden drop in vision (If it’s a central detachment)
A majority of retinal detachments are asymptomatic, i.e. have minimal to no noticeable symptoms.
Risk factors of Retinal Detachment
Anyone with these risk factors must undergo regular and thorough retinal examination to ensure a retinal detachment does not go undetected.
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High Power
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Aphakia
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Family History
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Age
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Eye Injury
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Flashes/Floaters
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Prior Eye Surgery
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Other eye problems
Anyone with these risk factors must undergo regular and thorough retinal examination to ensure a retinal detachment does not go undetected.
Diagnosis of retinal detachment
Retina detachment can be diagnosed by:
A careful examination of your retina by indirect ophthalmoscopy.
Ultrasound B-Scan
Tests like Fundus photographs and OCT may be done to determine the extent and amount of the detachment..
For retina check up, your pupils will be dilated with eye drops. This allows us to carefully observe your retina and vitreous to look for retina holes and weak areas. Please ensure you have transport arrangements back when you come for your retina checkup.
treatment of retinal detachment
This depends on if you have developed a retina hole or tear or has it progressed to a retina detachment.
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Retina Hole or Retina Tear
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Retina Detachment Surgery
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Scleral Buckling
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Pneumoretinopexy
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Vitrectomy
Read more about Retina detachment treatment here.
Prevention of retinal detachment
Retina detachment can sometimes be prevented. The best way to prevent retina detachment is:
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by getting regular comprehensive eye check ups- especially if you have risk factors of retina detachment.
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Controlling systemic diseases like diabetes which can cause retina to detach.
FAQs
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Retina Tears or Hole
In some patients, the formation of a retinal tear is preceded by flashes of light, which are indicative of pull (traction) on the retina. In others, the tear may break a small blood vessel in its path causing a small hemorrhage (bleeding), with the blurring of vision and ‘floaters’. Read More
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What are floaters? Are floaters dangerous?
‘Floaters’ are very commonly seen by people who have no eye disease. They are seen as small specks, circles, lines, clouds or cobwebs moving in front of your vision. They are actually tiny clumps of gel or cells inside the vitreous and can be really annoying but cause no harm.
While some floaters may remain in your vision, many of them will fade over time and become less bothersome. However, any change in the usual floaters or appearance of new ones can signal a retinal problem and needs to be evaluated immediately.
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What causes flashing lights?
When the vitreous gel rubs or pulls on the retina, you may see flashing lights or “lightning streaks”. If you notice the sudden appearance of light flashes, you should visit your ophthalmologist immediately to see if your retina has been torn.
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What causes retinal detachment?
Most retinal detachments are caused by the presence of one or more tears or holes in the retina (Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment). Normal ageing can sometimes cause the retina to thin and develop holes, but more often these are caused by shrinkage of the vitreous. The vitreous is a thick jelly like substance in the centre of the eye. It is firmly attached to the retina in several places around the back wall of the eye. As we age, the vitreous shrinks and may pull a piece of the retina with it, leaving a tear or hole in the retina. Fluid from the vitreous then passes through the retinal tear detaching the retina from its normal position (retinal detachment)
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What is posterior Vitreous detachment?
Posterior vitreous detachment (vitreous separation from the retina) is a natural process of aging.
Floaters are a common symptom of PVD.
Posterior Vitreous detachment is more common and occurs earlier in people who: –
Are abnormally nearsighted (high myopia)
Have undergone cataract operations (aphakics)
Have had YAG laser surgery of the eye
Have had inflammation inside the eye
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Why does retina detachment cause loss of vision?
Retina is the light sensing layer of the eye- it sends signals to the brain which are perceived as vision. The retina rests on a layer of support tissue called the choroid which provides it with oxygen and nourishment. When the retina separates from the choroid, it loses its blood supply, oxygen and nourishment. This damages the retina layer. The longer the retina is detached, the greater the chances that your vision is affected.
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Types of Retina Detachment
All types of retinal detachment is a medical emergency and needs to be treated early.
The three types of retinal detachment are Rhegmatogenous, Tractional & Exudative Retinal detachment.
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